Sandia Labs FY22 Laboratory Directed Research & Development Annual Report

Sandia’s multiphysics metamaterial lattices reduce stress in harsh shock and vibration environments by 100x. ............................................................................................52 REDLY: Resilience Enhancements through Deep Learning Yields offer benefits for power systems. ..................................53 Mitigating power attenuation and enabling megasonic communication in defense applications that rely on hermetically sealed Faraday cages. ..........................................53 Signal-based fast-tripping protection schemes for electric power distribution system resilience. .......................................54 ADROC: An emulation experimentation platform for advancing resilience of control systems. .................................55 cyber-physical data. .......................................................................56 Protecting sensors using pixelated optical shutters..............57 Electromagnetic threat resilience via a protective Faraday cage. ..................................................................................57 SpaceWeasel: A low SWaP, cyber-anomaly detection capability for satellites...................................................................58 Integrity Box assures the authenticity of data produced by third-party satellite vendors. .................................................58 Satellites enveloped with STITCHED engineering sensors for detection of approaching objects. ......................59 PROJECT HIGHLIGHTS – TECHNICAL VITALITY.......................................60 Wide-bandgap semiconductors benefit from development of single-photon sources in GaN. ....................61 Semiconductor twistronics will enable future quantum information science applications................................................62 AI-enhanced codesign for next-generation neuromorphic circuits and systems. .....................................................................63 Using phage-based, species-specific editing of the algae microbiome to improve economic viability of algae growth as feedstock. .....................................................................64 Biomimetic calcification for carbon sequestration from seawater..................................................................................65 Improving/testing ML methods for benchmarking soil carbon dynamics representation of land surface models. ..............................................................................65 Utilizing nonlocal interface problem allows for 7X speedup in large scale simulations. ..........................................66 Accelerating multiscale materials modeling with machine learning. ..........................................................................67 Optimizing machine learning decisions with prediction uncertainty. .................................................................67 Reducing the cost of quantifying uncertainty using multi-fidelity fusion and resource allocation. ..........................68 Identifying and characterizing disinformation risks in national security missions. ......................................................68 Accomplishing more with less computation using Monte Carlo sampling-based particle simulations. ...............69 Defensive, wide-area special protection scheme preserves electric grid operation by processing

Understanding the coupling between heat generation and mechanical work in large deformation plasticity. ..........70 Advancing structural dynamics capabilities with nonlinear modal analysis. ............................................................71 MalGen: Malware generation with specific behaviors to improve machine learning-based detectors. .....................71 Numerous mission applications may benefit from neutron-capture gamma multiplicity counting measurements...............................................................72 Revealing the kinetics of atmospheric corrosion damage through in-situ X-ray computed tomography and machine vision. .......................................................................73 Proton-tunable analog transistor for low-power computing. ..................................................................74 Machine learning to go beyond the darken equations in multicomponent mixtures. .................................75 Understanding the effects of radiation on reconfigurable phase change materials. ..................................76 Development and utilization of quantitative secondary electron imaging for the study of quantum computing materials. ....................................................................77 Phononic memory and optical teleportation using optomechanics: hardware accelerators for quantum computers. ....................................................................77 Single photon detection with on-chip number-resolving capability. .......................................................78 Phononic memory and optical teleportation using optomechanics: hardware accelerators for quantum computers. ....................................................................79 Multiple high-power phase-locked HPM systems have the ability to increase directed energy strike effectiveness. .......................................................................79 Improving active learning for language model to combat disinformation. ...........................................................80 Experimental quantum-enabled, super-resolution imaging technique is a “game changer” for optical diagnostics used in biology and chemistry. .............................81 Neuromorphic information processing by optical media offers energy efficiency and increased speed. ...........81 Nanoparticle-mediated delivery of therapeutic mRNA for protection against lung damage. .........................................82 Quantum-accurate multiscale modeling in highly compressed metals. ......................................................................82 Improving predictive capability in REHEDS simulations with fast, accurate, and consistent nonequilibrium material properties.........................................................................83 PIRAMID: Physics-Informed, Rapid and Automated Machine-Learning for Compact Model Development. .........84 High field and frequency electromagnetic (HiFi-Free) shielding. ......................................................................84 Simulated X-ray diffraction and machine learning for optimizing dynamic experiment analysis. .........................85 Development of hybrid system-component model development for low-cost high-altitude EMP testing. ...........86

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LABORATORY DIRECTED RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT